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Citric Acid is mainly used as flavoring agent, preservative and antistaling agent in food and beverage industry. Citric Acid also can be used as antioxidant, plasticizer, detergent in chemical, cosmetics and detergent industries. As a food additive, Citric Acid Anhydrous is an essential food ingredient in our food supply. As a leading food additives and food ingredients supplier in China, we can provide you with high quality Citric Acid Anhydrous.

Xiamen Ditai Chemicals: a Ammonium Bicarbonate Supplier Combining Quality and Innovation

Our company is a professional chemical company in China, specializing in operating and exporting various high-quality chemicals since 1997.

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The products we offer to our customers include industrial chemicals, animal feed additives, food additives, agrochemicals, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, water treatment and minerals. By continuously improving quality and service, we will provide customers with the best quality products that meet their requirements.

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Brief Introduction to Citric Acid

Citric acid is a naturally occurring acid. It is found in various fruits and vegetables. Example of citrus fruit - lemon which has the highest amount of citric acid. In many consumer goods, in the food and beverage sectors, citric acid is used. As an acidulant, in soft drinks and syrups, it stimulates a natural fruit flavour and gives the required degree of tartness. Citric acid is an intermediate organic compound in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, found naturally in citrus fruits, pineapples, pears and crystallised as calcium citrate. It is mainly produced by fermentation. Citric acid forms a wide range of metallic salts including complexes with copper, iron, manganese, magnesium and calcium. These salts are the reason for its use as a sequestering agent in industrial processes and as an anticoagulant blood preservative. It is also the basis of its antioxidant properties in fats and oils where it reduces metal-catalysed oxidation by chelating traces of metals such as iron.

Properties of Citric Acid

It is a weak organic acid.
The molecular formula of citric acid is C6H8O7.
It is a colourless, odourless, and tasteless crystalline compound.
The structure of citric acid crystals is monoclinic.
The molar mass of citric acid is 192.124g/mol.
Its density is 1.665g/cm3.
The boiling point of citric acid is 310°C, while its melting point is 153°C.
Other than water, it is soluble in ether, alcohol, and acetone.
At room temperature, it exists in the white crystalline powder form.
On heating above 175°C, it decomposes through carbon dioxide and water loss. C6H8O7 + heat → CO2 + H2O

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Sources of Citric Acid

There are both natural and artificial sources of citric acid.

Natural Sources
Citrus fruits such as lemons and limes have the highest quantities of naturally occurring citric acid, according to research from 2014. Other natural sources include tangerines, oranges, grapefruits, pineapples, tomatoes, broccoli, carrots, and berries.

Artificial Sources
People often use citric acid in processed food and household products. Because of this, scientists developed a synthetic form of it using the fungus Aspergillus niger, or black mold. It is known as manufactured citric acid (MCA). MCA is one of the most common food additives. In addition, it is used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries and in cleaning detergents and softening agents. While MCA has the same chemical formula as naturally occurring citric acid, it can contain remnants of black mold. This can trigger allergies or unwanted effects when consumed.

Health Benefits of Citric Acid

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Improves Skin Health

Citric acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA). AHAs are chemical exfoliators commonly added to skin care products to help peel away dead skin cells, revealing fresh new skin. Low concentrations of citric acid may help improve skin tone and texture and unclog pores by promoting cell turnover. However, high doses may have adverse effects and cause skin irritation.

Protects Against Kidney Stones

Citric acid, as potassium citrate, can often treat or prevent chronic kidney stones. It helps increase urine citrate to avoid calcium stones and decrease urine acidity, preventing uric acid and cystine stones. You may also consume citrus fruits or diluted lemon juice concentrate as a natural remedy for stone prevention.

Increases Nutrient Absorption

Citric acid is often added to minerals to help improve their absorption. Magnesium citrate is made by combining citric acid with magnesium oxide. One study noted that magnesium citrate is absorbed better than magnesium chelate and magnesium oxide. Another study noted that calcium citrate is the most easily absorbed calcium supplement. You can also take it on an empty stomach because its absorption does not require stomach acid.

Has Alkalizing Effect

Citric acid is considered an alkalizing substance — despite that it has an acidic taste — which means that it can help to counteract the effects of eating lots of acidic foods, like meat and processed grains, for example. Alkaline foods have higher quantities of alkaline-forming minerals, such as potassium, magnesium, calcium, sodium, manganese and iron, and they may help with mineral absorption.

Protects Against Inflammation

Naturally occurring citric acid is an antioxidant. This means it can help protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals. Antioxidants also help protect against inflammation and signs of aging. In a 2014 study published in the Journal of Medicinal Food researchers investigated the connection between citric acid and endotoxin-induced oxidative stress of the brain and liver in mice. They found that citric acid decreased brain lipid peroxidation and inflammation, liver damage, and DNA fragmentation in mice following injections that were meant to cause oxidative stress to their brains and livers. Studies have indicated that citric acid may help decrease lipid peroxidation and downregulate inflammation by reducing cell degranulation and attenuating the release of inflammatory compounds like myeloperoxidase, elastase, interleukin and platelet factor 4.

Citric Acid Specifications

Item	Specification
Item	Monohydrate	Anhydrous
Appearance	Colorless or white crystal	Colorless or white crystal
Color of solution	20% water solution clarify	20% water solution clarify
Assay	99.5-100.5%	99.5-100.5%
Moisture	≤ 9.0%	≤0.20%
Sulphated Ash	≤ 0.05%	≤0.05%
Light Transmittance	≥ 97%	≥99.0%
Sulphate	≤ 150ppm	≤30ppm
Chloride	≤ 5ppm	≤5ppm
Calcium	≤ 20ppm	≤20ppm
Heavy metals	≤ 1ppm	≤1ppm
Iron	≤ 1ppm	≤1ppm
Oxalate	≤ 20ppm	≤20ppm
Readily Carbonizable Substance	≤ 1.0	≤1.0
Aluminium	≤ 0.2ppm	≤0.2ppm
Arsenic	≤ 0.1ppm	≤0.1ppm
Mercury	≤ 0.1ppm	≤0.1ppm
Lead	≤ 0.5ppm	≤0.5ppm
Endotoxin of Germ	≤ 0.5 IU/mg	≤0.5 IU/mg
Tridodecylamine	≤ 0.1ppm	≤0.1ppm
APHA(50%W/W)	≤ 25	≤15

Uses of Citric Acid

Citric Acid as a Food Additive

Citric acid is used in food as a flavouring agent and preservative. It is used in processed food products like beverages, soft drinks etc. Due to its sour taste, it is used in making certain candies. Sometimes the sour candy is covered with white powder which is citric acid. To keep fat globules away some ice cream companies use it as an emulsifier.

Citric Acid is an Efficient Chelator

Citric acid is a triprotic acid (it can donate 3 hydrogen atoms per molecule in a reaction) making it a great chelator (chelation is a type of bonding of ions and molecules to metal ions). It binds metals by making them soluble which is very useful to remove and prevent calcium buildup when using hard water. EDTA is the most common chelator but citric acid is a natural and renewable resource.

Citric Acid as a Cleaning Agent

By breaking down trace amounts of metal found in hard water, citric acid is an ingredient in various household cleaners to assist in cleaning hard water stains. This is a natural alternative to harsh, industrial chemical cleansers.

Citric Acid as a Water Softener

Because citric acid is an organic acid, an effective chelator, and has buffering qualities, it is used as a water softener in detergents. Citric acid makes a strong water softener due to its chemical properties as a weak organic acid. Citric acid is preferable to polyphosphates that are commonly used as an industrial water conditioner. But high levels of phosphorous can cause algae blooms which can be harmful to human and aquatic life.

Citric Acid in Cosmetics

Citric acid is utilized in many ways in the cosmetics industry. It has a buffering capacity which is used to adjust the pH of skincare products. It has anti-aging properties because it is a natural antioxidant. Citric acid is an Alpha-hydroxy acid, meaning it acts as a gentle and natural exfoliant that can help treat acne, reduce dark spots, improve skin texture, and smooth fine lines and wrinkles.

Industrial Uses of Citric Acid

Citric acid is used in such industries as detergent manufacturing, electroplating, leather tanning, as a preservative for stored blood, and as a buffer and antioxidant in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, several citric acid fungal-derived acids have significant commercial value and have found wide-ranging applications in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries.

Citric Acid vs. Ascorbic Acid vs. Malic Acid vs. Phosphoric Acid

The sour taste of certain foods tends to be the result of acids, such as citric acid, lactic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid and ascorbic acid.

Ascorbic acid, another name for vitamin C, is another nutrient found in citrus fruits and green vegetables. It’s been shown to have antioxidant effects and to be protective of eyes, skin, blood vessels and connective tissue. Some people choose to take take ascorbic acid as a vitamin with or without food, usually one to two times daily.

Like citric acid, malic acid is sour and used as a flavoring agent to give food a tart taste, plus as a preservative. It’s naturally occurring in some fruits and also wine. Malic acid is used in skincare products to help clear away dead skin cells and taken in supplement form to help treat acne, warts, dry mouth, chronic pain or fatigue, or fibromyalgia.

Phosphoric acid is used to give soft drinks a tangy flavor and to preservative foods/drinks by preventing the growth of mold and bacteria. This compound can be found in cola beverages, bottled and canned iced teas, bottled and canned coffee beverages, breakfast cereal bars, and nondairy creamers. Phosphoric acid plays a role in dental and bone health and is widely used in dentistry and orthodontics, such as to clean and smooth the surfaces of teeth and help with fillings.

Citric Acid Side Effects

When Taken by Mouth

Citric acid is commonly consumed in foods. There isn't enough reliable information to know if citric acid is safe to use as medicine or what the side effects might be. Consuming large quantities of citric acid is likely unsafe.

When Applied to the Skin

Citric acid is possibly safe when used in products also containing glycolic acid and lactic acid in concentrations of 10% or less. But it is possibly unsafe when used inappropriately. Using products inappropriately or in higher concentrations can cause skin burns. Higher concentrations should only be used while under the care of a dermatologist.

When Taken by Mouth

Pregnancy and Breast-feeding

Citric acid is commonly consumed in foods. But there isn't enough reliable information to know if citric acid is safe to use as medicine while pregnant or breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and stick to food amounts.

Damaged Skin

Avoid applying citric acid to broken skin. It can be painful.

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FAQ

Q: What are common uses for citric acid?

A: Citric acid is used in a number of other fields, in addition to its use in cleaning products, such as personal care, forestry, dairy, pharmaceutical, and electroplating. As a preservative, flavouring agent, and vegetable rinse it helps in the food industry.

Q: Is citric acid good for your body?

A: Consuming foods that contain naturally occurring citric acid (from, say, lemon or lime juice) have advantages because it acts as an antioxidant, meaning that it protects the body from damaging free radicals. Eating huge quantities of antioxidants aids with everything from heart protection to cancer prevention.

Q: What are the side effects of citric acid?

A: Serious side effects of citric acid and sodium citrate include muscle twitching or cramping, swelling or weight gain, fatigue, mood changes, swift and fast breathing, rapid heart rate, anxious feeling, black or bloody stools, extreme diarrhoea or seizure (convulsions).

Q: Is citric acid a disinfectant?

A: Yes, citric acid is a disinfectant. It is great for general disinfection and cleaning because citric acid kills bacteria, mould and mildew.

Q: Is ascorbic acid the same as citric acid?

A: Citric acid and ascorbic acid are two types of acid used for two different purposes of food preservation. Although both are acids, they are not identical. Citric acid has a greater acidity than ascorbic acid.

Q: Is citric acid the same as vinegar? If different, how are the two different?

A: Although vinegar also has an acidic taste, they are not the same thing. Citric acid is slightly more acidic than most vinegars, although this depends on the vinegar. Vinegar has a pH of about 2.4 to above 3. Citric acid powder is used in dry foods as a dry substitute for lemon juice or vinegar. For example, it is used in seasonings, salts, seasoning powders and crunchy snacks because it does not add liquid or moisture.

Q: Is citric acid as good for cleaning as vinegar? Does citric acid kill bacteria?

A: Just like vinegar and lemon juice, citric acid can help clean surfaces and appliances around your home. For example, you can use it to clean your automatic drip coffee maker or create an anti-spray. Weak acids like vinegar and lemon juice can be used to clean, dissolve limescale, and clean dirty/greasy surfaces. Bacteria cannot grow in an acidic environment, which is why acidic ingredients are used in detergents.

Q: Can lemon juice be used instead of citric acid in a recipe?

A: Citric acid and fresh lemon juice can be used in many of the same ways, such as when you can can fruits or vegetables to make jams, jellies, sauces, or preserves. Use about 1/8 cup lemon juice for every 1/2 teaspoon citric acid. Citric acid and lemon juice are both used to lower the pH so the ingredients are safe to store.

Q: What is citric acid used for?

A: Citric acid is used in insecticides and disinfectants to help destroy bacteria and viruses. It is used to preserve and marinate meats, and flavor foods and beverages. For example, citric acid is used in wine to reduce low acidity and improve taste. Citric acid is also used in cosmetic and personal care products as a preservative, and in cleaning products to remove hard water build up.

Q: Does citric acid come from black mold?

A: Approximately 99 percent of the world’s production of manufactured citric acid is developed from the Aspergillus niger fungus, also known as black mold. Black mold efficiently converts sugars into citric acid and its fermentation also is generally recognized as safe by FDA under its Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

Q: Is citric acid bad for your teeth?

A: Excessive amounts of citric acid may cause tooth enamel to dissolve overtime. The Academy of General Dentistry states that foods containing concentrations of the organic acid should be consumed in moderation. Rinsing the mouth after eating or drinking food and beverages that contain citric acid is also recommended. Using a straw when drinking beverages that contain citric acid is another option.

Q: What is citric acid monohydrate used for?

A: Citrate or citric acid is often used to regulate pH, add a sour taste to foods and beverages, form salt derivatives of minerals and metals for medicines and as a dietary supplement.

Q: Is citric acid the same as citric acid monohydrate?

A: There is no significant difference between citric acid monohydrate and anhydrous citric acid, except that aqueous contains a dissolved water crystal (crystalline water is no different from ordinary water).

Q: Is citric acid monohydrate oral?

A: Because hydrated citric acid is one of the strongest edible acids, it is often used as a flavoring and preservative in foods and beverages, especially beverages and candies. In recipes, it is used as a substitute for vinegar or lemon juice where pure acid is needed.

Q: Can I eat powdered citric acid monohydrate?

A: Citric acid is usually good for you, but too much powder can be bad. Citric acid is safe to eat, however, consuming large amounts of it is associated with enamel erosion.

Q: What is the difference between citric acid and anhydrous citric acid?

A: Citric acid is available in both anhydrous and monohydrate forms. The difference between anhydrous and monohydrate citric acid is that anhydrous citric acid lacks crystallization water, while citric acid monohydrate has a water molecule associated with a citric acid molecule.

Q: How does citric acid preserve food?

A: To put it simply, citric acid serves the food and beverage industry as a preservative. The naturally occurring acid found in fruit such as lemons and limes functions as a preservative in its organic state. Its high acidity makes it difficult for mold, bacteria, or any negatively impacting substance to survive.

Q: Is citric acid safe to clean with?

A: Citric Acid is a mild organic acid. As a cleaner, it is very effective and appropriate to use for light descaling, removal of hard water stains, mineral deposits, etc. Some areas where a Citric Acid solution may be useful are: bathrooms, toilets, toilet tanks, kitchens, coffee machines, kettles, dehumidifiers, etc.

Q: Does citric acid degrade over time?

A: Typically, an unopened package of citric acid can last indefinitely, providing it's stored in a cool, dry place away from sunlight. If the package has been opened, it can still retain its potency for up to five years without any apparent difference in effectiveness.

Q: Is citric acid a preservative or additive?

A: Citric acid is commonly used as a food additive for natural flavoring and as a preservative. It is also used in cosmetics, for medical purposes, as an antioxidant and in cleaning products.

Xiamen Ditai Chemicals Co., Ltd. is one of the leading citric acid manufacturers and suppliers in China. We warmly welcome you to buy cheap citric acid from our factory. All our products are with high quality and competitive price.

Citric Acid, Citric Acid And Water, Citric Acid Monohydrate